STATIONERY

Stationery is the equipment used to write or carve or shape marks on a surface. These tools are typically used by hand and contains a pigment for coloring the surface. Commonly used surface is non-porous surface to absorb pigmendiantaranya is the type of paper, plastic, glass, leather, wood and others.

Type stationery

Stationery consists of various types, but the most common types are pencils, pens, pens, markers, and chalk.

SCISSORS

Blogger buddy who is not familiar with the scissors. Almost every one of us often and never use scissors to cut or divide something. So this time I would like to discuss about the scissors. Scissors are examples of everyday technology which is very often used. Scissors used to cut paper, wrap, hair, etc. The greatness of scissors are able to cut without consuming a lot of energy, without a complicated construction. Its simplicity makes favored everyone.

PAPERCLIP

Paper clip or clips is a tool for to unify the two sheets of paper or more based on the principle of pressure. Paper can be easily clamped with removable clip again. The use of a clip is more practical than using glue or staple.

shape

Clips are usually in the form of a wire that is bent into shapes like triangle, oval, or like a butterfly. Materials used biasanyalogam but sometimes there are also clips made of plastic.

history

The first patent for a paper clip comes from the second half of the 19th century. Creator of the first wire clip never registered a patent for his invention. But the clip with the form as it is now usually found may have been manufactured in the United Kingdom since 1890 in a factory called "The Gem Manufacturing Company". Machines for making clips Gem factory model was patented in 1899 by William Middlebrook and Robert Sherman of Waterbury, Connecticut.

STAPLER

Stapler is a tool to bring together a number of papers by inserting staples (staple) shape of the letter "U" folded at the bottom of the paper when the length exceeds both ends of thick paper staples.

In Indonesia, the stapler can be found everywhere, in offices, schools, photocopy kiosk, household, up in restaurants and penjualmakanan. Stapler is so popular to have a lot of unofficial name derived from the sound issued these tools, such as: jekrekan, shots, or cekrekan. Stapler often used in Indonesia for wrapping food. Plastic folded so that the contents do not come out and completed with tongs stapler.

HISTORY AND KINDS OF PENCIL

Pencil is a stationery and painting that was originally made of pure graphite. The writing is done by scraping the graphite onto the media. However, pure graphite tends to break easily, too soft, dirty effect when the media rubbing by hand, and get your hands dirty when held. Because it is then created a mixture of graphite with clay so that the composition harder. Furthermore, the composition of the mixture is wrapped with paper or wood.

ERASER

Eraser (also called eraser) is one of stationery supplies which are soft rubber that is able to eliminate the resulting mark with a pencil.

Removal rubbery, and often a white or black (though found also brown or pink to beautify the appearance of the appropriate use of technology). There are equipped with a pencil eraser on the end. Removal is expensive may have vinyl or plastic material in addition to the rubber.

Removal may also refer to the chalkboard eraser like a black board or white board. Traditional black board eraser is a rectangular block of wood made from fabric made from wool.

PORTABLE COMPUTERS (LAPTOPS)

Laptop or portable computer is a mobile computer that are relatively small and lightweight, weighing in the range of 1-6 kg, depending on size, materials, and specifications of the laptop. Laptop power source coming from the battery or A / C adapter that can be used to recharge the battery and turn on the laptop itself. Laptop batteries generally last about 1 to 6 hours before it finally runs out, depending on how the use of, specifications, and the size of the battery. Laptops are also sometimes called a notebook. Click Here !

As personal computers, laptops have the same functionality as the desktop computer (desktop computers) in general. Components contained in it exactly the same as the components on the desktop, only smaller and more numerous, made lighter, less heat and more power efficient.

TYPES OF INK PRINTER AND FUNCTION

Frequent use printer or photocopy machine certainly have to know also the types of printer inks are used, ranging from the ordinary, or other waterproof. This printer ink there are several kinds that have different yield and quality as well.

Based on the basic formula and Function, Printer Ink consists of several types, including:

# Printer Ink Dye Base

Dye Ink Base is the dominant type of ink based on water (H2O) and mixed with coloring materials (colourant) which can cope well, so it is likely to settle and slogged on Printhead Cartridge getting smaller.

DYE type printer ink is water based for the most widely used standard printer because it is a fine print, the print on photo paper is very nice and bright colors.

For the type of dye base ink price is also cheaper than dye inks For other types, but the prints of ink dye base is less sharp, dense, not waterproof or fade in HVS to water and light than the pigment ink

DEFINITION AND KINDS OF RULER AS A MEASURING TOOL

In this post I will discuss about the rule is as stationery that is often used to measure something or to make a straight or curved line and others.

Ruler is a measuring device and drawing tools to draw a straight line. There are various kinds of ruler, straight from the start until the triangular (usually triangles and isosceles right triangle is 30 ° -60 °). The ruler can be made of plastic, metal, ribbon-shaped and so on. There is also a ruler that can be folded.

Experts say that the ancient ruler found by the people of the Indus Valley Civilization around 1500 BC, but several others said it had already found evidence in the area of Lothal (from the time of 2400 BC). In modern times, the use of folding ruler found by Anton Ullrich in 1851.

HISTORY OF CALCULATOR

The development and progress of various information and communication technology equipment is inseparable from the development of calculators, ranging from the fairly simple to complex, such as a computer.

Totalizer or Calculator is a tool to calculate from simple calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division up to the scientific calculator which can calculate certain mathematical formula. In the present development, calculators often included as an additional function rather than a computer, mobile phone, even to watch. Here are various calculators in accordance with the early days to the modern development.

TYPES OF PRINTER

Printer is a hardware which is connected to the computer. The printer has a function as a tool for printing or displaying the data in printed form, either in the form of images or text from paper to the computer or the like. The printer has the parts and also there are several types.

Some parts of the printer, namely:

* Picker as a means of taking the paper from the tray.

* Tray place to put the paper.

* Ink or toner as a printer, which is used to write on paper.

TYPES PHOTOCOPIER

Types of Photocopy Machines Generally based measure is photocopiers can be divided into three, namely a small copy machine (portable), copier medium (standard) and a large copy machine.

• The machine is a small copy of a copy machine small (Portable), Characteristics include: easy to carry, the speed of copying 5-10 sheets per minute, the paper size A4 (210 x 297 mm)

• Machines are machines copy of a copy medium (standard), ± 70 kg weight machine copy speed of 15-25 pages per minute, with a size of A3 paper (297 × 420 mm) and B4 (257 × 364 mm)

• Machine large photo copy machine copy of a large, heavy machines above 70 kg copy speeds of at least 3 pieces per minute, can zoom in and out, replicating on colored paper, and equipped with an automatic document sorting board

PHOTOCOPY MACHINE

Facsimile or commonly known as fax, derived from the word 'fac simile' (make-similar) in Latin, which means making a copy of the same to the original. In other areas, the fax machine can also be called a telecopier. Fax machine is a communications device that is used to transmit a document by using a device that is capable of operating over the telephone network with results similar to the original.

While According A.G. Pringgodigdo, fax machine is a wireless transmission system for drawings and graphics by regulating the beam of light and the photoelectric cell and change the lightest and darkest parts of a material that can be emitted in the sound, then the receiver will turn back as the original to the paper which has been scientifically processed. In addition to submitting the document, the fax machine is also capable of delivering the image of half tone images with the facility. Fax machine usually consists of a modem, copier, scanner images, and the data display devices (printers).

COMPUTER FIFTH PERIOD

Defining the fifth generation computer becomes quite difficult because this stage is still very young. Examples are the fifth generation computer imaginative fictional HAL9000 computer from the novel by Arthur C. Clarke's 2001: A Space Odyssey. HAL displays all the desired functions of a fifth-generation computer. With artificial intelligence (artificial intelligence or AI), HAL may have enough reason to hold conversations with humans, using visual input, and learn from his own experience.

Although it may be the realization of HAL9000 is still far from reality, many of the functions that had been established. Some computers can receive verbal instructions and imitate human reasoning. The ability to translate a foreign language also becomes possible. This facility is deceptively simple. However, such facilities become much more complicated than expected when programmers realized that human understanding relies on context and understanding rather than just translate the words directly.

COMPUTER FOURTH PERIOD

After IC, the development becomes more obvious: reduce the size of circuits and electrical components. Large Scale Integration (LSI) could fit hundreds of components on a chip. In the 1980s, the Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) contains thousands of components in a single chip.

Ultra-Large Scale Integration (ULSI) increased that number into the millions. Ability to install so many components in a chip half the size coins encourage lower prices and the size of the computer. It also increased their power, efficiency and reliability. Intel 4004 chip made in 1971, took the IC with all the components of a computer (central processing unit, memory, and control input / output) in a very small chip. Previously, the IC is made to do a certain task specific. Now, a microprocessor can be manufactured and then programmed to meet all the requirements. Not long after, every household devices such as microwave ovens, televisions, and cars with electronic fuel injection (EFI) equipped with a microprocessor.

COMPUTER THIRD PERIOD

Although the transistor is in many respects the vacuum tube, but transistors generate considerable heat, which can potentially damage the internal parts of the computer. Quartz stone (quartz rock) eliminates this problem. Jack Kilby, an engineer at Texas Instruments, developed the integrated circuit (IC: integrated circuit) in 1958. The IC combined three electronic components in a small silicon disc made of quartz sand. Scientists later managed to fit more components into a single chip, called a semiconductor. As a result, computers become smaller because the components can be squeezed onto the chip. Other third-generation development is the use of the operating system (operating system) that allows the engine to run many different programs at once with a central program that monitored and coordinated the computer's memory.

COMPUTER SECOND PERIOD

In 1948, the invention of the transistor greatly influenced the development of the computer. Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in television, radio, and computers. As a result, the size of the electrical machines is reduced drastically.

The transistor used in computers began in 1956. Coupled with early advances in magnetic-core memory to second generation computers smaller, faster, more reliable, and more energy efficient than their predecessors. The first machine that utilizes this new technology is a supercomputer. IBM makes supercomputer named Stretch, and Sprery-Rand makes a computer named LARC. These computers, which were developed for atomic energy laboratories, can handle large amounts of data, a capability that is needed by researchers atoms. The machine is very expensive and tend to be too complex for business computing needs, thereby limiting. There are only two LARC has been installed and used: one at the Lawrence Radiation Labs in Livermore, California, and the other in the US Navy Research and Development Center in Washington DC Second generation computer replaces the assembly language machine language. Assembly language is a language that uses abbreviations to replace the binary code.

COMPUTER HISTORY

Computers are tools used to process the data according to the commands that have been formulated. Computer word originally used to describe people who work perform arithmetic calculations, with or without aids, but the meaning of the word is then transferred to the machine itself. Originally, the processing of information almost exclusively related to arithmetical problems, but modern computers are used for many tasks unrelated to mathematics.

Broadly, the computer can be defined as an electronic device that consists of several components, which can cooperate between the components with one another to produce an information based on existing programs and data. The computer components are included: Screen Monitor, CPU, Keyboard, Mouse and Printer (as a complement). Without a computer printer can still do its job as a data processor, but not limited to visible screen monitor in print form (paper).

HISTORY OF BALLPOINT PENS

In this post I will be a little outlines a brief history of the pen or ballpoint pen. Ballpoint pen is derived from English (ballpoint pen) is stationery that ends using a small ball that rotates to control spending viscous ink that is stored in a cylindrical column. Tip pens in the form of small balls darikuningan, steel, or tungsten carbide whose diameter varies, generally 0.7 to 1.2 mm. [1] Large diameter ball effect on the thickness of writing on paper. Immediately after the ink dried in contact with the paper. Different pen to pen, pen-priced and free maintenance.

Initially, stationery ink pen and ink are used separately. Pen used initially made of goose feathers like that are commonly used in Europe in the Middle Ages, reed stems of water used in the East Central or even brush used in China and Japan. The disadvantage is often inconvenient to use because the wearer or even spilled splattered ink on paper.

History

Pen invented by Hungarian journalist, László Bíró in 1938. The Bureau noted that the ink used in newspaper printing dries quickly and does not leave stains on the paper. Other difficulties when using the pen for correcting manuscripts written on thin paper like ink widened, spilled or torn paper as a sharp stroke of the pen.

COLOR, TYPES AND MEANINGS

Color is an important and dominant element in a creation of design work. Through the color of an object can describe achieve conformity with the actual reality.

Color is a certain spectrum contained in a perfect light (white). The identity of a specified color of the light wavelength. For example, the blue color has a wavelength of 460 nanometers.

Wavelength colors the human eye can still be caught ranged between 380-780 nanometers.

In the optical equipment, color can also mean the brain interpretation of the mixture of three primary colors of light: red, green, blue are combined in a particular composition. For example, mixing 100% red, 0% green, and blue 100% would produce a magenta color interpretation.

In art, the colors could mean a certain reflection of light which is influenced by the pigment contained in the surface of the object. For example, mixing magenta and cyan pigment with proper proportions and perfect white light illuminated will produce a sensation similar to the color red.

Each color can give the impression of a particular identity according to the conditions and social observer. For example, the white color will give the impression of pure and cold in the West because it is associated with snow. While in most countries of Eastern white color gives the impression of death and very scary because it is associated with a shroud (although theoretically actually white is not a color).

KNOW OF PAPER ACCORDING TO FUNCTION

Blogger buddy of course we are so familiar with the affairs of the paper.So true !! we can not escape from the paper in our lives because paper is something that is very important in business offices, schools, industries and so on.

  For some people specify the type of paper to print a document or to make the envelope is something that is difficult. But actually very easy to determine the type of paper as long as we know the form of a document like what we will do, for example, want to make a book for example. For that we need to understand the types of paper according to function. Here's a little picture to understand the function of these paper types, especially for printing in digital printing.

a. . Type Paper To Cover Books.

For the kind of soft cover books or volumes are common staples or standard cover used is 260 gsm art paper carton. But it could also use a thinner such as art carton 210 gsm or heavier 310 gsm art carton. Can be varied depending on the desire and creativity of course.

UNDERSTANDING AND MISCELLANEOUS STATIONERY OFFICE

Stationery is the equipment used to write or carve or shape marks on a surface. These tools are typically used by hand and contains a pigment for coloring the surface. Commonly used surface is non-porous surface for absorbing pigments which are types of paper, plastic, glass, leather, wood and others.

Stationery is a very important office supplies, without these tools work we would be stalled and would not even resolved. There are so many kinds of stationery such as:

 Pens

 Pencil

 whiteboard markers

 small Markers

 HVS

 Paper polio

 Album cards

 Envelopes

 Book agenda

 quarto book

 Note book

 The ink and printer ribbons

 Paper color

 Paper opaque

 Lebel paper

 Tape clear or brown

 Glue sticks

 staples and contents

 Ink stamp

 stamp pads

 Ruler

 Removal

 Correction Pen

 Scissors

 Cutter

 Calculator

 Folder paper

 Typewriters

 Computer

 Printer

 printer ink